Poland’s higher education system follows the standards set by the Bologna Process, ensuring that degrees obtained here are recognized across the European Union and internationally. For foreign nationals, the system offers a variety of paths ranging from traditional academic degrees to vocational training and preparatory language courses. Understanding the distinctions between these levels and modes of study is essential for choosing the right program.
Academic Degree Structures
Polish higher education is divided into three cycles. The terminology used for degrees (Licencjat, Inżynier, Magister) indicates both the level of study and the specific focus of the curriculum.
First-Cycle Studies (Bachelor’s Level)
This is the entry level for most students. Programs typically last 3 to 3.5 years (6–7 semesters).
- Licencjat (BA): Awarded in humanities, social sciences, and economics. Duration: 3 years.
- Inżynier (BSc/BEng): Awarded in technical fields, agriculture, and engineering. Duration: 3.5 to 4 years.
Second-Cycle Studies (Master’s Level)
Open to holders of a Bachelor’s degree. These programs last 1.5 to 2 years (3–4 semesters) and conclude with the defense of a master’s thesis. The degree awarded is Magister (MA/MSc).
Long-Cycle Master’s Studies (Jednolite Magisterskie)
Certain fields in Poland do not split into the two-cycle structure. Instead, students enter a continuous 5 to 6-year program directly after high school. This is mandatory for:
- General Medicine (Lekarski)
- Dentistry (Lekarsko-dentystyczny)
- Law (Prawo)
- Psychology (Psychologia)
- Veterinary Medicine (Weterynaria)
Third-Cycle Studies (Doctoral Level)
PhD programs (Studia doktoranckie) typically last 3 to 4 years. Since recent reforms, most doctoral training takes place in specialized "Doctoral Schools" (Szkoły Doktorskie), which often provide scholarships to all admitted candidates, including foreigners.
Modes of Study: Full-time vs. Part-time
Foreigners can choose between two primary modes of attendance, which affect both the schedule and the legal basis for student visas.
| Mode | Polish Term | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Full-time | Stacjonarne | Classes held Mon-Fri. entitles non-EU students to work without a permit. |
| Part-time | Niestacjonarne | Classes held on weekends (Fri-Sun) or evening blocks. Often paid even at public universities. |
Note: While part-time studies allow for flexibility, non-EU students should verify if a part-time workload satisfies the requirements for a temporary residence permit for the purpose of studies.
Non-Degree and Preparatory Options
Apart from standard degrees, Poland offers specialized options for skill acquisition and university preparation.
The "Zero Year" (Zerówka)
This is a 9-month intensive preparatory course designed for foreigners who wish to study in Poland but do not meet the language requirements. Tracks are available for both Polish and English. Completing a Zerówka usually guarantees entry into a degree program at the host university.
Postgraduate Diplomas (Studia Podyplomowe)
These are non-degree programs lasting 1 year (2 semesters) aimed at professionals wanting to acquire new skills. They do not grant a Master’s title but result in a certificate of completion.
Vocational Schools (Szkoły Policealne)
Post-secondary schools offering practical training in fields like IT, cosmetics, administration, or healthcare. These programs typically last 1 to 2 years and are open to anyone with a high school diploma. They are a popular pathway for foreigners to gain a qualification and access the labor market without a full university degree.
Public vs. Private Institutions
Poland has over 350 Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The choice between public and private sectors often comes down to cost and prestige.
- Public Universities: funded by the state. Admission is competitive. Studies in the Polish language are free for EU/EEA citizens and holders of the Pole’s Card (Karta Polaka). Non-EU citizens typically pay tuition fees.
- Private Universities: Privately funded. Admission is generally easier, and they are often more focused on practical skills and business connections. Tuition fees apply to all students, including Polish citizens.
Tuition Costs (2026 Estimates)
Tuition fees vary significantly by the field of study and the institution. The following estimates are converted to USD based on the exchange rate as of January 12, 2026 (approx. 1 USD = 3.61 PLN).
- Bachelor’s / Master’s in English: $2,200 – $4,500 USD per year.
- Technical / Engineering Degrees: $3,000 – $5,500 USD per year.
- Medical & Business (MBA): $9,000 – $14,000 USD per year.
- "Zero Year" Language Course: $2,200 – $3,300 USD per course.
- Vocational Schools: Often free or low cost ($50 – $150 USD per month).
Official Resources
For verified lists of accredited programs and scholarship opportunities, consult these government portals: